Espresso

What is espresso?

Espresso is a caffeinated beverage that is made by forcing a portion of water of about 203 degrees Fahrenheit through very finely ground coffee beans.

How many layers are there?
There are three layers
crema - top layer
body- middle layer
heart-bottom layer

HEART— The heart of the espresso shot is the deep rich brown part of the at the very bottom. It is this section of the espresso shot that contains the bitterness and provides a balance to the sweetness of the espresso’s aroma. If the espresso is ground too coarse or tamped too lightly, the heart will blend with the body and the shot will be weak.
BODY— The body of the espresso shot is the caramelly-brown colored middle layer. If the espresso is ground too finely or tamped too hard, the body will be black or dark brown and the espresso will taste burned.
CREMA— The thin and foamy golden-brown top layer is the crema of the espresso shot. This thin foam of oils contains the espresso's finest aromas and flavors. The flavor and consistency of the espresso can be affected by minor problems, like over or under grinding the beans or tamping the ground espresso beans too lightly or using too much pressure (magscoffee.com).